| Ammonium pollution in groundwater in Hanoi City, Vietnam is currently giving cause for concern for scientists, managers and especially for people living in polluted area. According to the results of analysis and evaluation of NH4+ content of water supply plant (in Hanoi), 17 % of exploited groundwater (approximately 100.000 m3 per day) is now contaminated with ammonium. Ammonium as known is not directly toxic to human, but the products converted from NH4+ to nitrite and nitrate are toxic factors causing anemia, “blue baby” and even cancer. There are many technologies to treat this anion in groundwater such as microbiological method, adsorption method, ion exchange, membrane filtration, reverse osmosis… In general, these methods require a large investment, time or can create secondary waste that requires additional costs. In this paper, authors presented synthesis of the current situation of ammonium contamination in ground water and proposed some suitable technology for its treatment under the economic conditions in Vietnam with low investment cost, environmentally friendly such as technology using photocatalytic materials (doped nanoTiO2), moving bed biofilm reactor, adsorbent materials produced from agricultural by-products. |
